Hourly Seasonality

// This Pine Script® code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © Piotr Kowalski "piecioshka"
// Docs (EN): https://github.com/piecioshka/tradingview-pine-scripts/blob/main/indicators/seasonality/hourly-seasonality/hourly-seasonality.md
// Docs (PL): https://github.com/piecioshka/tradingview-pine-scripts/blob/main/indicators/seasonality/hourly-seasonality/hourly-seasonality.pl.md

//@version=6
indicator('Hourly Seasonality', overlay = true)

// Colors the chart background differently depending on the hour.
// Designed for intraday timeframes (< 1D) - on daily and above hour()
// always returns the same candle-open hour and the effect disappears.
// Time zone: the exchange default (same as hour() without a timezone argument).
// Colors follow a daily gradient (night → dawn → day → dusk → night),
// so neighboring hours are visually close to each other.

transp         = input.int(title='Transparency (0-100)', defval=80, minval=0, maxval=100, step=5)
showLegend     = input.bool(title='Show legend', defval=true)
legendPosition = input.string(title='Legend position', defval='Top right', options=['Top left', 'Top right', 'Bottom left', 'Bottom right'])
hoursSpec      = input.string(title='Active hours', defval='0-23', tooltip='Comma-separated ranges, e.g. "9-16,18,22". "0-23" = all.')

// 24 colors - a daily gradient
col00 = color.rgb(20, 30, 90)     // 00 - navy (deep night)
col01 = color.rgb(30, 35, 105)    // 01
col02 = color.rgb(45, 40, 125)    // 02
col03 = color.rgb(65, 45, 145)    // 03 - navy violet
col04 = color.rgb(90, 55, 155)    // 04
col05 = color.rgb(125, 70, 160)   // 05 - violet
col06 = color.rgb(170, 90, 150)   // 06 - dawn
col07 = color.rgb(220, 130, 110)  // 07 - sunrise
col08 = color.rgb(240, 160, 70)   // 08 - morning sun
col09 = color.rgb(250, 190, 50)   // 09 - morning amber
col10 = color.rgb(245, 220, 60)   // 10 - yellow
col11 = color.rgb(210, 230, 90)   // 11 - lime
col12 = color.rgb(120, 220, 180)  // 12 - noon
col13 = color.rgb(80, 200, 230)   // 13 - afternoon blue
col14 = color.rgb(70, 170, 240)   // 14
col15 = color.rgb(95, 150, 230)   // 15
col16 = color.rgb(160, 160, 210)  // 16 - transition
col17 = color.rgb(230, 160, 100)  // 17 - golden hour
col18 = color.rgb(235, 110, 70)   // 18 - sunset
col19 = color.rgb(220, 70, 80)    // 19 - sunset red
col20 = color.rgb(180, 55, 125)   // 20 - magenta dusk
col21 = color.rgb(130, 50, 145)   // 21 - dusk violet
col22 = color.rgb(80, 40, 125)    // 22 - night
col23 = color.rgb(45, 35, 105)    // 23 - late night

// Hour-range parser: "9-16,18,22" → array<bool>[24]
parseHours(spec) =>
    enabled = array.new<bool>(24, false)
    if str.length(spec) > 0
        tokens = str.split(spec, ',')
        for token in tokens
            trimmed = str.trim(token)
            if str.length(trimmed) > 0
                if str.contains(trimmed, '-')
                    parts = str.split(trimmed, '-')
                    if array.size(parts) == 2
                        sN = str.tonumber(str.trim(array.get(parts, 0)))
                        eN = str.tonumber(str.trim(array.get(parts, 1)))
                        if not na(sN) and not na(eN)
                            s = int(math.round(sN))
                            e = int(math.round(eN))
                            if s >= 0 and e <= 23 and s <= e
                                for i = s to e
                                    array.set(enabled, i, true)
                else
                    n = str.tonumber(trimmed)
                    if not na(n)
                        idx = int(math.round(n))
                        if idx >= 0 and idx <= 23
                            array.set(enabled, idx, true)
    enabled

var enabled = parseHours(hoursSpec)
var colors  = array.from(col00, col01, col02, col03, col04, col05, col06, col07, col08, col09, col10, col11, col12, col13, col14, col15, col16, col17, col18, col19, col20, col21, col22, col23)

h = hour(time)
bgCol = array.get(enabled, h) ? color.new(array.get(colors, h), transp) : na
bgcolor(bgCol)

// Legend - a table with the active hours and their colors
if showLegend and barstate.islast
    pos = switch legendPosition
        'Top left'     => position.top_left
        'Top right'    => position.top_right
        'Bottom left'  => position.bottom_left
        'Bottom right' => position.bottom_right
        =>                position.top_right

    activeCount = 0
    for i = 0 to 23
        if array.get(enabled, i)
            activeCount += 1

    if activeCount > 0
        legend = table.new(position = pos, columns = 2, rows = activeCount, border_width = 1)
        row = 0
        for i = 0 to 23
            if array.get(enabled, i)
                hourLabel = str.format('{0,number,00}:00', i)
                table.cell(legend, 0, row, '    ', bgcolor = array.get(colors, i))
                table.cell(legend, 1, row, hourLabel, text_color = color.white, bgcolor = color.new(color.black, 30))
                row += 1