Flip Zones V1

//@version=5
// Indicator definition. 
// overlay=true: Draws the indicator directly on the price chart.
// max_boxes_count, max_labels_count: Set limits for drawing objects for optimization.
indicator("Flip Zones V1", overlay=true, max_boxes_count=100, max_labels_count=100)

// ---------------- Preset Selection ----------------
// Input for selecting predefined modes (Default, Sensitive, Conservative) or Custom settings.
preset = input.string("Default", "Preset", options=["Default", "Sensitive", "Conservative", "Custom"])

// ---------------- Parameters ----------------
// Input for the length of the Volume Moving Average (MA).
volLength_input         = input.int(20, "Volume MA Length", minval=1)
// Input for the multiplier to define 'Unusual Volume'.
volMultiplier_input     = input.float(2.0, "Unusual Volume Multiplier", step=0.1, minval=0.1)
// Input for the minimum Body/Range ratio required for a "Breakout" signal.
bodyRatioBreakout_input = input.float(0.6, "Breakout Body Ratio", step=0.05, minval=0.0, maxval=1.0)
// Input for the maximum Body/Range ratio required for an "Absorption" signal (small body).
bodyRatioAbsorb_input   = input.float(0.3, "Absorption Body Ratio", step=0.05, minval=0.0, maxval=1.0)
// Input for the minimum dominant wick ratio required for an "Absorption" signal (long wick).
wickDominance_input     = input.float(0.4, "Absorption Wick Dominance", step=0.05, minval=0.0, maxval=1.0)
// Input for the maximum number of active Flip Zones allowed on the chart.
maxZones_input          = input.int(15, "Max Zones", minval=1, maxval=200)

// Apply the final parameters based on the selected preset or use the custom inputs.
// Final Volume MA Length
volLength         = preset == "Default"      ? 20 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 10 : preset == "Conservative" ? 30 : volLength_input
// Final Volume Multiplier
volMultiplier     = preset == "Default"      ? 2.0 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 1.5 : preset == "Conservative" ? 2.5 : volMultiplier_input
// Final Breakout Body Ratio
bodyRatioBreakout = preset == "Default"      ? 0.6 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 0.5 : preset == "Conservative" ? 0.7 : bodyRatioBreakout_input
// Final Absorption Body Ratio
bodyRatioAbsorb   = preset == "Default"      ? 0.3 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 0.35 : preset == "Conservative" ? 0.25 : bodyRatioAbsorb_input
// Final Absorption Wick Dominance
wickDominance     = preset == "Default"      ? 0.4 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 0.3 : preset == "Conservative" ? 0.5 : wickDominance_input
// Final Maximum Active Zones
maxZones          = preset == "Default"      ? 15 : preset == "Sensitive"    ? 20 : preset == "Conservative" ? 10 : maxZones_input

// ---------------- Volume Calculation ----------------
// Calculate the Simple Moving Average (SMA) of volume over the determined length.
volMA = ta.sma(volume, volLength)
// Define 'abnormal volume': current volume is greater than (Volume MA * Volume Multiplier).
abnormalVol = volume > (volMA * volMultiplier)

// ---------------- Candle Structure ----------------
// Calculate the size of the candle body (absolute difference between close and open).
body = math.abs(close - open)
// Calculate the total range of the candle (high - low).
rng = high - low
// Calculate the size of the upper wick.
upperWick = high - math.max(open, close)
// Calculate the size of the lower wick.
lowerWick = math.min(open, close) - low
// Check if the range is zero (to prevent division by zero).
rngIsZero = rng == 0.0
// Calculate the Body/Range ratio. If range is zero, default to 0.0.
bodyOverRange = rngIsZero ? 0.0 : body / rng
// Calculate the Dominant Wick/Range ratio (the larger of the two wicks).
maxWickOverRange = rngIsZero ? 0.0 : math.max(upperWick, lowerWick) / rng

// ---------------- Flip Detection ----------------
// Define Breakout signal: Abnormal Volume AND Body/Range >= Breakout Ratio.
isBreakout = abnormalVol and (bodyOverRange >= bodyRatioBreakout)
// Define Absorption signal: Abnormal Volume AND Body/Range <= Absorption Ratio AND Dominant Wick >= Wick Dominance.
isAbsorb   = abnormalVol and (bodyOverRange <= bodyRatioAbsorb) and (maxWickOverRange >= wickDominance)

// ---------------- Arrays ----------------
// Arrays to store drawing objects (Box, Label) and signal data.
var box[]   boxes   = array.new<box>()
var label[] labels  = array.new<label>()
var float[] sigLow  = array.new_float() // Low price of the signal zone
var float[] sigHigh = array.new_float() // High price of the signal zone
var int[]   sigDir  = array.new_int() // Initial signal direction (+1 bull, -1 bear)
var int[]   sigBar  = array.new_int() // Bar index of the signal (used for plotting)

// ---------------- Trim old boxes and labels ----------------
// Internal function to remove the oldest signals if the count exceeds maxZones.
f_trim_old(_max) =>
    while array.size(boxes) > _max
        box.delete(array.shift(boxes)) // Delete the oldest Box object
        label.delete(array.shift(labels)) // Delete the oldest Label object
        array.shift(sigLow) // Remove associated signal data
        array.shift(sigHigh)
        array.shift(sigDir)
        array.shift(sigBar)

// ---------------- Register new flip signal ----------------
if (isBreakout or isAbsorb)
    // Determine the initial signal direction.
    dir = close >= open ? 1 : -1
    // Create the Box from the starting bar_index to the next bar. Uses bar_index.
    b = box.new(left=bar_index, right=bar_index+1, top=high, bottom=low, bgcolor=color.new(color.gray, 90), border_color=color.new(color.gray, 100)) 
    // Create the Label at the center of the starting bar. Uses bar_index.
    l = label.new(x=bar_index, y=(high+low)/2, text="", style=label.style_label_center, textcolor=color.white, size=size.small)
    // Push the objects and signal data to their respective arrays.
    array.push(boxes, b)
    array.push(labels, l)
    array.push(sigLow, low)
    array.push(sigHigh, high)
    array.push(sigDir, dir)
    array.push(sigBar, bar_index)
    // Execute the trimming function.
    f_trim_old(maxZones)

// ---------------- Dynamic box update ----------------
// If there are active Boxes:
if array.size(boxes) > 0
    // Loop through all active Boxes for update.
    for i = 0 to array.size(boxes)-1
        b  = array.get(boxes, i) // Get the Box object
        l  = array.get(labels, i) // Get the Label object
        sL = array.get(sigLow, i) // Get the signal's Low price
        sH = array.get(sigHigh, i) // Get the signal's High price
        sigBarIndex = array.get(sigBar, i) // Get the starting bar index

        // Extend the right side of the Box to the current bar (current bar_index + 1).
        // NOTE: This line is what causes the '500 bar lookback' error in old data.
        box.set_right(b, bar_index+1)
        // Update the Box's price boundaries (ensures accurate zone display).
        box.set_top(b, sH)
        box.set_bottom(b, sL)

        // Dynamic direction detection: check if the zone has been flipped/broken.
        isBull = close > sH // Current close is above the zone's high.
        isBear = close < sL // Current close is below the zone's low.

        // Logic for coloring the Box and setting the Label text.
        if isBull
            box.set_bgcolor(b, color.new(color.green, 85)) // Bullish flip (broken to the upside)
            box.set_border_color(b, color.new(color.gray, 100))
            label.set_text(l, "Bullish Flip")
            label.set_color(l, color.green)
        else if isBear
            box.set_bgcolor(b, color.new(color.red, 85)) // Bearish flip (broken to the downside)
            box.set_border_color(b, color.new(color.gray, 100))
            label.set_text(l, "Bearish Flip")
            label.set_color(l, color.red)
        else
            box.set_bgcolor(b, color.new(color.gray, 90)) // Neutral (zone still active)
            box.set_border_color(b, color.new(color.gray, 100))
            label.set_text(l, "Neutral")
            label.set_color(l, color.gray)

        // Position the Label at the center of the starting bar (using sigBarIndex).
        label.set_x(l, sigBarIndex)
        label.set_y(l, (sL + sH)/2)